Giving Advice, Warning, Granting Request (Basing x)

Giving Advice, warning, granting request

A.       Giving Advice

There are many ways of giving advice in English. Here are some of the more common expressions.

"If I were you, I would…"

"Have you thought about…"

"You really ought to…" ('ought' is pronounced 'ort')

"Why don't you…"

"In your position, I would…"

"You should perhaps…"

"You could always…"

Examples

If someone says "I'm having problems learning English", you could say:

"If I were you, I'd sign up for an English course."

"Have you thought about going to the UK for a couple of weeks?"

"You really ought to watch English television."

"Why don't you read more English books?"

"In your position, I would try and practise speaking English."

"You should perhaps look at the english-at-home.com website."

"You could always get a penpal."

• Dialogue of expressing advice

Nanda has a problem. His girlfriend forbade him to follow the singing competition in Palma. Then, Nanda asked to Resti in school, how to solve the problem

Resti : Good morning, Nanda

Nanda : Good morning, Resti. (Looks confused)

Resti : How are you, Nanda

Nanda : I’m confused now.

Resti : Why?

Nanda : My girlfriend forbade me to follow the singing competition. If you
were me, what would you tell her?

Resti : I would say that the competition is very important to you, and instead,
the prize of the competition would you give to her

Nanda : That’s a good idea. I will do it. Thank you very much, Resti. Now i want
to go to canteen. See you.

Resti : You’re welcome. See you too.

B.        Warning

• Look out! There is a snake beside you.
• Don't step on the grass!.
• No smoking!
• No hunting!
• Be Silent
• No camping without permission!
• Do not cut down the trees!
• Don't enter wildlife reserve!
• Keep out of the reach of children

C.        Granting Request

in the dialogue between Ayu and Palupi you find the following expressions :

Ayu           : will you tell me about?

Palupi       : Sure, I will.

Ayu           : Let’s try to make lepat sometimes.

Palupi       :OK.

Sure, I will, and OK are expressions to grant a request.

Here are other expressions that you can use :

v  Alright

v  Certainly

v  Righ away

v  Of course

D.       Express Pain, Relief, Pleasure

* Expressing Pain

when we get sick, we must feel pain on part of our body. When we get an accident, and we get injured because of it, we must feel pain. some expression of pain :

- its very painful. I can't stand it.

- the pain hurts me very much.

- that's hurts!-Oh, my headache!

- my back pains me.

- I'm not feeling well.

- I have a bad cough.

- I feel terrible.

- I'm really sick.

- I can no longer stand.

We can also add it with some interjection, such as : Oh!, Ouch! and Aw!

* Expressing Relief

When we have problem and we can solve it, we will feel relief. In other situation, when we feel worried about something that we will face it, we will also feel relief. a relief is lessening or ending of pain and worry. for example :

- What a relief!

- That's a relief!

- I'm very relieved to hear that (it)

- I'm glad everything's running well.

- I'm glad it's done.

- thank God for that.

- Thank goodness.

- thank heaveness.

- Oh, good!

- Oh, marvelous!, etc.

* Ekspressing Pleasure (happiness)

for example :

- I'm delighted.

- It's very delighted

- I'm pleased.

- I'm happy (for)...

- I'm glad.

- Great!

- It's wonderful.

- How marvelous!

- fantastic!

- It's a great pleasure!

Passive Voice (Basing X)

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Examples of Passive

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Simple Present	Active:	Rita	writes	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is written	by Rita.
Simple Past	Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was written	by Rita.
Present Perfect	Active:	Rita	has written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	has been written	by Rita.
Future I	Active:	Rita	will write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will be written	by Rita.
Hilfsverben	Active:	Rita	can write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	can be written	by Rita.

Examples of Passive

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Present Progressive	Active:	Rita	is writing	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is being written	by Rita.
Past Progressive	Active:	Rita	was writing	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was being written	by Rita.
Past Perfect	Active:	Rita	had written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	had been written	by Rita.
Future II	Active:	Rita	will have written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will have been written	by Rita.
Conditional I	Active:	Rita	would write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	would be written	by Rita.
Conditional II	Active:	Rita	would have written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	would have been written	by Rita.

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.

	Subject	Verb	Object 1	Object 2
Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter	to me.
Passive:	A letter	was written	to me	by Rita.
Passive:	I	was written	a letter	by Rita.

. As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. That’s why it is usually dropped.

Personal and Impersonal Passive

Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.

Example: They build houses. – Houses are built.

Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction – therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive.

Example: he says – it is said

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know).

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – It is said that women live longer than men.

Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – Women are said to live longer than men.

The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped).
Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence.

Expressing satisfaction and disatisfaction (Basing X)

Bab 1

Expressing satisfaction and disatisfaction

(Ungkapan yang digunakan dalam menyatakan puas dan tidak puas)

  Asking about satisfaction / dissatisfaction

•   How  do you like yuor room
•  Is everything O.K
•  Is everything satisfactory
•  Are you satisfied
•  Did you find our service satisfactory
•  Do you know to complain about something
•  Was something not to you satisfaction
•  Are you disatisfaction with something

 Formal situations

satisfaction	dissatisfaction
.....very pleased with.... .....content with.... .....satisfied with...... .....very delighted with......	....displeased with..... ....discontented with..... .....dissatisfied with.... ......disappointed with.......

·      Informal situations

  Rasa puas (satisfaction)

   I’m completely satisfaction with everything you’ve done for me

   It was satisfactory

   Everything is fine, thank you

   Everything was just perfect

   It makes me satisfied

   It gives me satisfaction

   I feel satisfaction / contented with it

   I really like my new haircut

   Tidak puas (disatisfaction)

      It is disatisfactory

      I want to make a complaint

      I don’t like the color

      I am disatisfied with it

      I am tired of working here

      It makes me disatisfactory

      Horrible!

      Very sad!

      Annoying!

      Dissappointing!

      Frustrating!

Responding to dissatisfaction :

·       I see

·       I’m sorry to hear that

·       I’ll look into it

·       I’ll see what I can do about it

·       I’ll try and take care of it

 Example for  expressing satisfaction:

Dialogue:

1.        Bella     :    Miss. Sahara,  how’s yuor its result sits for an examination?

                          Miss.sahara :    super! I’m very satisfied with my result sits for an examination.

2.       Dea      :    Denis, how’s with your holiday?

                           Denis   :    Funtastic! I’m very pleased with my holiday.

3.       Ayu      :    Andre, how’s your classmate?

                          Andre  :    I’m happy enough with my new classmate.

                        Expressing :

4.       I am satisfied with the cleanliness of your class

5.       I am very satisfied with the implementation of this year ospek

6.       I am very pleased to be able to pass school exams with good grades.

7.       I am very happy with the appearance in a football match yesterday .

 Example for Expressing dissatisfaction:

1.        I am less satisfied with the cleanliness of your class.

2.       I am less satisfied with the waiters at this restaurant.

3.       I was disappointed with the service the bank here.

4.       I am very disappointed with your grades.

5.       I don’t like the color because too flashy.

6.       I am a bit disappointed with service in the restaurant.

7.       I am little dissatisfied  with replicates the results of your physical.

8.       I am very disappointed with this school performance.